掉落和现存牙齿数量与心肌梗死相关性的Meta分析

The correlation between the number of missing or preserved teeth and the risk of myocardial infarction:a meta-analysis

目的 系统评价掉落和现存的牙齿数量与心肌梗死发病风险的相关性。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Medline、Embase、Cochrane数据库,检索时限为建库至2022年7月10日。由两位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 15.1软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入15个研究。Meta分析结果显示,病例组掉落的牙齿数比对照组多近2颗(WMD=2.71, 95%CI:1.43~3.98, P<0.01),且牙齿的掉落增加患心肌梗死的风险(OR=1.03, 95%CI:1.05~1.08, P<0.01);病例组现存的牙齿数比对照组少近2颗(WMD=-2.97,95%CI:-3.47~-1.45,P<0.01)。亚组分析结果显示,纳入文献的质量、是否调整吸烟、人均GDP可能为异质性来源,对结果产生影响。结论 病例组与对照组中掉落和现存的牙齿数量差异存在显著性,心肌梗死患者比对照组掉落的牙齿数更多、现存的牙齿数更少。但受纳入研究的数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚需要更多高质量研究予以验证。

Objectives To systematically evaluate the correlation between the number of missing or preserved teeth and the risk of myocardial infarction(MI).Methods Databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Medline,Embase,Cochrane were searched to collect studies published from inception to July 10th 2022 on correlation between the number of missing or preserved teeth and the risk of MI.Study screening,data extraction and assessment of risk of bias were carried out by two researchers independently.Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 15.1 software.Results In total,15 relevant studies investigating the association between the number of missing and preserved teeth and MI risk were included.Meta-analysis showed that the case group had approximately 2 more missing teeth compared with the control group(WMD=−2.97,95%CI:−3.47-−1.45,P<0.01),and tooth loss was associate with increased risk of MI(odds ratio=1.03,95%CI:1.05-1.08,P<0.01);the number of preserved teeth in the case group was approximately 2 lower than that in the control group(WMD=−2.97,95%CI:−3.47-−1.45,P<0.01).Subgroup analysis showed that the quality of the included literature,whether adjusted for smoking,and GDP per capita might be sources of heterogeneity and affect the results.Conclusions MI patients are likely to have lost more teeth and have fewer preserved teeth compared with controls.However,due to the quantity and quality of the included studies,more high quality studies are needed to verify the conclusion of this study.