从肉身记忆到身份认同——论丁玲《新的信念》中的革命叙事

From Physical Memory to Identity——on Revolutionary Narrative in Ding Ling’s New Faith

作为丁玲结束“西北战地服务团”后回到延安发表的第一篇小说,《新的信念》通过描写被日军玷污的老太婆,如何通过言说记忆成为革命实际的精神领袖,彰显了作者对于“革命”的全新阐释。区别于革命桎梏性别的理解,《新的信念》提供了女性在唤醒革命情感中的特殊作用,依靠记忆的“力”,女性对于肉身苦难的言说,更容易在族群集体中激起惊颤效果,从而唤起民族共通的危机意识,成为超越性别、超越代际的革命的“力”。对于民族而言,“革命”蕴含着重新认识自我的过程,作为集体的身份认同、政治认同与文化认同如何自发生成,成为抗战时期革命文学叙事的一个面向。

As the first novel published by Ding Ling after finishing working in Northwest Field Service Corps and returning to Yan’an, New Faith shows her new interpretation of "revolution" by describing how an old woman who was defiled by the Japanese army became the actual spiritual leader through retelling her memories.Distinguished from the understanding that revolution is gender-limited, New Faith provides a special role for women in awakening revolutionary emotions. Relying on the power of memory, women’s speech of physical suffering is more prone to stimulate a tremor effect in ethnic groups, thereby arousing the common crisis awareness in the nation, and finally becoming the "force" of revolution which could transcend gender and generation. For the nation, "revolution" implies the process of recognizing oneself. How collective identity, political identity and cultural identity arise spontaneously has become an aspect of revolutionary literary narrative during the Anti-Japanese War period.