我国农村儿童早期发展现状及建议

Early child development in rural China:status and suggestion

儿童早期发展不但对人一生的学习成绩、工作成就、社会融入及成年期健康等具有重要影响,并已证明是最为经济、有效的扶贫战略之一,是实现联合国可持续发展多个目标的重要措施。我国0~4岁乡村儿童约有2 800万人,是一个庞大的群体,但在健康、营养及早期学习机会等养育照护的多方面与城市尚存在一定的差距。当今我国正处在乡村振兴战略目标实施的关键时间节点,从根本上阻断贫困地区的代际传播,农村地区儿童早期发展尤为重要。为此,本文就我国农村儿童早期发展现状、养育照护状况及支撑环境作一概述,并对促进我国农村儿童早期发展提出几点建议。

Early childhood development(ECD)has a significant impact on personal academic achievement,social integration and health in adulthood throughout one′s life.Promoting ECD has been proven to be one of the most costeffective poverty alleviation strategies and a solid foundation for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations.There are about 28 million children aged 0−4 years in rural China,which is a huge population.However,there are still gaps in health care,nutrition and early learning opportunities between the children in rural and urban areas.China is now at a critical point in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,and promoting ECD in rural areas is of great importance to radically interrupting the inter-generational transmission of poverty.In this paper,we described current situation of ECD,nurturing care as well as supporting environment in rural areas of China,and put forward several suggestions to promote ECD in those aspects.