生与美:《周易》时间观念的美学精神

Life and Beauty:The Aesthetic Realm of the Concept of Time in Zhou Yi

时间是中国古代美学研究中一个十分重要的维度。值得注意的是,美学中的时间研究并不指向物理的层面,而是指向生命的层面。《周易》作为中国古代文明与文化的源头,表现出对时间问题的执着与关注。《周易》的结构与内容指向的时间是一种生命意义上的时间:乾卦作为六十四卦之首,既是时间的起点,也象征着时间的创生精神;六十四卦层层构成时间中大大小小的循环结构,而生命时间循环的意义又集中在复卦中得到阐发;生命的循环中时间走向生生不已的永恒,化育了中国古人在“变”“常”的双重性时间中的宇宙生命情怀。

Time is a very important dimension in the study of ancient Chinese aesthetics.It is worth noting that the study of time in aesthetics does not point to the physical dimension,but to the dimension of life.Zhou Yi,as the source of ancient Chinese civilization and culture,exhibits an obsession and concerm with the question of time.The structure and content of Zhou Yi point to time in the sense.of a life:the"Qian"trigram as the first of the 64 trigrams,is not only the beginning of time,but also symbolizes the spirit of creation of time;64 trigrams layer by layer to form the structure of the cycle of time in large and small,and the meaning of the cycle of life and time is concentrated in the"Fu"trigrams are elaborated;In the cycle of life,time is moving towards the eternity of birth,which nurtures the cosmic life sentiment of the ancient Chinese in the duality of"change"and"normal"time.