魔芋实生种子发育习性及适宜采收期的研究

Study on Growth Characteristics and Suitable Harvest Period of Amorphophallus konjac Seeds

为了揭示魔芋实生种子生育期与适宜采收期的关系。以花魔芋为材料,监测其发育习性,根据发育进程来判定种子的适宜收获期。结果表明:花魔芋实生种子发育特性符合Logistic生长模型,根据生长特点可划分为3个阶段:一是发生期,受精后1~30 d;二是转色膨大期,受精后30~70 d;三是成熟期,受精后70~100 d。受精后110~140 d为过熟期。花魔芋实生种子2年间的生育期分别为120.8±20.3 d、100.3±12.8 d,且其生育期与百粒重存在一定正相关性。种子萌发实验表明成熟度高的种子萌发率高。花魔芋种子的适宜采收期为成熟期(90~100 d),此时果皮完全转为橙红色、种皮转为黑褐色、种子含水量在60.8%~62.2%。本研究为魔芋实生种子的适宜收获期提供了基础数据。

In order to reveal the relationship between the growth period and the suitable harvest period of konjac seeds,the growth characteristics of konjac seeds were monitored to determine the suitable harvest period of Amorphophallus konjac seeds.The results showed that the growth characteristics of konjac seeds accorded with Logistic growth model.According to the growth characteristics,the growth period could be divided into three stages,including the emergence stage(1 to 30 days after fertilization),the rapid expansion stage(30-70 days after fertilization),and the full ripe stage(70-100 days after fertilization).110-140 days after fertilization was the overripe stage.The growth period of konjac seeds was 120.8±20.3 days and 100.3±12.8 days in two years,respectively,and there was certain correlation between the growth period and 100-grain weight.Besides,the germination test showed that high level of seed maturity had high germination rate.The suitable harvest period of konjac seeds was the full ripe stage(90-100 days),when the pericarp completely turned orange-red,the seed coat turned black-brown,and the seed water content was 60.8%-62.2%.These results can provide basic data for suitable harvest period of konjac seeds.