基于超纠缠中继的量子组播网络路由策略

Routing Protocol for Quantum Multicast Networks Based on Hyperentangled Relays

为解决量子网络中组播通信的路径选择与建立问题,提升量子组播网络的通信性能,提出一种适用于超纠缠中继量子网络的组播路由策略。为确保组播通信中量子克隆的保真度,网络采用菱形结构,通过量子克隆机对单光子偏振-空间模量子态进行克隆,并综合考虑量子超纠缠资源数、跳数、克隆态保真度等因素,基于Steiner树的优化算法生成组播树。路由选择完成后,采用并行超纠缠交换方法建立远程用户间的组播量子信道。理论分析与仿真结果表明,在组播通信过程中随着目的节点数量的增多,基于超纠缠中继的量子组播网络路由策略可获得较高保真度的组播树,当中继节点数量增多时,采用并行超纠缠交换建立量子信道的时延低于传统串行纠缠交换的时延,量子态的传输速率较快。因此,基于超纠缠中继的量子组播网络路由策略具有高保真度、低时延等优势。

In this study,a multicast routing protocol for hyperentangled relay quantum networks is proposed to solve the problem of path selection,the establishment of multicast communication in quantum networks,and improve the communication performance of quantum multicast networks.The networks use a diamond structure to ensure the fidelity of quantum clones in multicast communication.The single-photon polarization-space mode quantum state was cloned using a quantum cloning machine,and an optimization algorithm based on the Steiner tree was used to generate a multicast tree by considering the number of hyperentanglement resources,hops,and fidelity of the cloned state.A multicast quantum channel between remote users was established based on simultaneous hyperentanglement swapping after selecting the routing.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that in multicast communication of an increase in destination nodes,the routing protocol based on a hyperentangled relay can obtain a multicast tree with high fidelity.When the number of relay nodes increases,the delay in establishing a quantum channel using simultaneous hyperentangled swapping is lower than that of traditional sequential entangled swapping,and the transmission rate of a quantum state is faster.Therefore,the routing protocol of quantum multicast networks based on hyperentangled relays has the advantages of high fidelity and low-multicast communication delay.