山地城市农村居民点时空格局演变与分异特征——以重庆市为例

Spatio-temporal evolution and difference of rural settlements in mountainous city:A case study of Chongqing City

基于重庆市2009—2018年土地利用变更调查数据和统计年鉴数据,综合运用GIS空间分析方法和景观格局指数分析了重庆市农村居民点10年来的时空格局演变特征。结果表明,规模上,研究区域农村居民点呈收缩趋势,斑块间规模差异减小,以微型居民点为主,斑块规模与数量之间存在明显的负相关关系,呈“成片减少、零星增加”的特征;农村居民点规模空间上存在空间关联性,呈高-高集聚和高-低集聚2种类型。分布上,研究区域农村居民点主要呈西密东疏的分布格局和“大散居、小聚居”的分布特征,且主要分布在低海拔地区,但受长江一二级河流影响不显著,10年来总体格局未发生明显变化。形态上,研究区域农村居民点形态趋于不规则,显示出规划引导作用不强,空间上具有明显的空间分异特征。

Based on the land use change investigation and statistical yearbook of Chongqing City from 2009 to 2018,spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlements was analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis method and landscape pattern index.The results showed that,in scale,the rural settlements in the study area showed a contraction tendency,the size difference between patches decreased,and the micro settlements were the main landscape features.There was an obvious negative correlation between patch size and patch number,and showing the characteristics of a decrease in large patches and an increase in sporadic patches.There was a spatial correlation in the scale of rural settlements,with two types of agglomeration:high-high agglomeration and high-low agglomeration.In spatial distribution,the rural residential areas in the study area mainly exhibited a distribution pattern of dense in the west and sparse in the east,and the distribution characteristics of“large diaspora and small settlement”.Besides,the rural settlements were mainly distributed in low altitude areas,but it was not significantly affected by the first and second-class rivers of the Yangtze River.The overall pattern had not changed significantly in the past decade.In morphology,the morphology of rural residential areas in the study area tended to be irregular,indicating that the planning guidance function was not strong,and there were obvious spatial differentiation characteristics in space.