海军招飞心理选拔飞行能力预测效度检验分析

Predictive validity of flight capability of pilots recruited by Chinese Navy in psychological selection

目的研究分析心理选拔对飞行能力预测的有效性,查找选拔系统各检测平台对评估飞行潜质、预测飞行能力的功能强弱及差距原因,为改进检测方法、提高选拔质效提供科学依据。方法抽取405名航空学校学生为样本,对其心理选拔成绩和筛选飞行成绩进行正态性检验,并通过检验分析心理选拔成绩与筛选飞行成绩、心理选拔预测等级与四平台预测等级,以及心理选拔预测等级和四平台预测等级与筛选飞行成绩(效标)间的相关性,验证心理选拔飞行能力预测效度。结果心理选拔成绩和筛选飞行成绩分布符合正态分布;各平台单项成绩及综合评定成绩与筛选飞行成绩(效标)均呈正相关(r=0.17、0.26、0.35、0.41、0.39,P=0.036、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001);心理选拔预测等级和四平台预测等级间呈显著正相关(r=0.55,P<0.001);心理选拔预测等级和四平台预测等级分组均能够随着等级的升高在筛选飞行成绩(效标)上具有显著增长,且此增长具有传递性。结论心理选拔飞行能力预测效度较高,选拔系统检测平台设置合理、有效,能够从不同方面对飞行能力进行预测,但部分检测平台应改进和升级,并针对不同人群,进行区分性检测。

Objective To study the predictive validity of flight capability in psychological selection and account for the functional strengths and weaknesses of each testing platform so as to provide data for improving the testing methods and the quality and efficiency of selection.Methods Four hundred and five students were selected as samples to test the normality of their scores during psychological selection and those during flight screening.The correlations between the above two scores,between the grade predicted by psychological selection and the grade predicted by the four platforms,and between the grade predicted by psychological selection,the grade predicted by the four platforms and scores during flight screening were tested and analyzed to verify the predictive validity of flight capability in psychological selection.Results The distribution of scores during psychological selection and those during flight screening was normal.There was a significant positive correlation between the single score and comprehensive assessment score of each platform and the scores during flight screening(r=0.17,0.26,0.35,0.41,0.39,P=0.036,<0.001,<0.001,<0.001,<0.001)or between the grade predicted by psychological selection and the grade predicted by the four platforms(r=0.55,P<0.001).The grouping of the grades predicted by psychological selection and those predicted by the four platforms increased significantly in scores during flight screening with the increase of the grades,and the increase was transitive.Conclusion The predictive validity of flight capability in psychological selection is high,and the testing platforms of the selection system are well-designed and effective,which can predict the competence for flight from different perspectives.However,some testing platforms should be upgraded,and testing methods should vary according to different groups of people.