《三国志·华佗传》“以医见业”献疑

A Speculation about“Yi Yi Jian Ye(以医见业)”in Records of the Three Kingdoms:Biography of Hua Tuo

《三国志·华佗传》有“以医见业”句,郭锡良《古代汉语》和方一新《中古汉语读本》都解释为套用处置式的被动句,“被人看作以医术为职业”,许敬生《医古文》解释为“以医建立功业”。通过古籍搜索,发现除《三国志》和《后汉书》两书中的《华佗传》外,没有“见业”或“以医见业”的组合。尝试着进行匹配模式“以……自业”“以……为业”的对比分析,认为“以医见业”属于“自业”“为业”的句式和语义范畴。“见”为“自”字之误,该句当作“以医自业”,解作“把行医作为自己的职业”。

There is a sentence of“Yi Yi Jian Ye(以医见业)”in Records of the Three Kingdoms:Biography of Hua Tuo.Both Guo Xiliang’s Ancient Chinese and Fang Yixin’s The Middle Ancient Chinese Reading Book interpret this sentence as a passive sentence that applies a disposal style——“being regarded as a profession based on medical skills”.Xu Jingsheng’s Ancient Medical Literature explains this sentence as“establishing one’s career through medicine”.Through searching ancient books,it was found that there is no combination of“Jian Ye(见业)”or“Yi Yi Jian Ye(以医见业)”except for Biography of Hua Tuo in Records of the Three Kingdoms and Book of the Later Han Dynasty.This paper attempts to conduct a comparative analysis of the matching patterns of“Yi…Zi Ye(以……自业)”and“Yi…Wei Ye(以……为业),believing that“Yi Yi Jian Ye(以医见业)”belongs to the sentence structure and semantic category of“Zi Ye(自业)”and“Wei Ye(为业)”.“Jian(见)”is mistakenly interpreted as“Zi(自)”.So this sentence should be interpreted as“Yi Yi Zi Ye(以医自业)”,which means regarding practicing medicine as one’s career.