大鼠模型的轮休制度预防慢性高原病形成研究

A Study Onthe Prevention of Chronic Mountain Sickness Formation in Rats by Rotational Rest System

目的 本研究利用低压低氧舱构建大鼠模型模拟高原环境下职工的轮休制度,筛选出能够有效预防慢性高原病形成的最佳轮休间隔时间。方法 将大鼠置于低压低氧舱内模拟海拔5 000m的高原环境,舱外为常压常氧环境。根据高原驻留时间与平原休息时间比值为1∶1的轮休模式将大鼠分为1d轮休组、2d轮休组、4d轮休组,对照组为不出舱休息的低压低氧组和常压常氧环境饲养的常压常氧组。实验时间共24d。通过肺循环血流动力学、肺血管重构和外周血红细胞来评估大鼠有无慢性高原病及其严重程度。结果 4d轮休组大鼠无高原性肺动脉高压形成和红细胞增多,2d轮休组大鼠有轻度的高原性肺动脉高压形成和红细胞增多,1d轮休组大鼠有显著的高原性肺动脉高压形成和红细胞增多。结论 在高原驻留时间与平原休息时间比值为1∶1的轮休模式中,每4天轮休一次可以预防大鼠慢性高原病的形成。

Objective The current study used a hypobaric hypoxic chamber to construct a rat model to simulate the rotational rest system of workers in high altitudes,and to screen out the optimal rotational rest interval that can effectively prevent the development of chronic mountain sickness.Methods The studied rats were housed in a hypobaric hypoxic chamber to simulate a high altitude environment of 5000 meters above sea level,and the outside of the chamber was a normal environment.These rats were divided into 1-day rotation group,2-day rotation group and 4-day rotation group according to the rotation rest pattern of 1∶1 ratio of high altitude residence time to plain resting time.The control groups were a hypobaric hypoxic group without rotational rest and a normobaric and normoxic group kept outside the chamber.The experimental period was 24 days in total.The presence and severity of chronic mountain sickness in rats were assessed by pulmonary circulation hemodynamics,pulmonary vascular remodeling and peripheral blood erythrocytes.Results In this study,we found that rats in the 4-day rotation group had no high-altitude pulmonary hypertension formation and no erythrocytosis,while rats in the 2-day rotation group had a mild high altitude pulmonary hypertension formation and erythrocytosis,and rats in the 1-day rotation group had a significant high altitude pulmonary hypertension formation and erythrocytosis.Conclusion In a rotational rest pattern with a 1∶1 ratio of high altitude residence time to plain rest time,rotational rest every 4 days can prevent the development of chronic mountain sickness in rats.