不同工艺制备的苜蓿干草对犊牛生产性能、消化性能和血液生化免疫指标的影响

Effects of Different Alfalfa Hay by Preparation Technology on Production Performance,Digestive Performance and Blood Biochemical Immune Indexes of Calves

为了研究不同的苜蓿干草制备工艺对犊牛生产性能、消化性能和血液生化免疫指标的影响。采用单因素随机设计试验,选择健康的体重为(145±3)kg的荷斯坦犊牛100头,随机分4组,每个组25个重复,每1头犊牛为一个重复,分别为普通干草组(1组)、苜蓿干草和普通干草组(2组)、酶菌混合处理苜蓿干草组(3组)、苜蓿干草混合青贮组(4组)。预试验7 d,试验期56 d。结果显示:(1)试验2、3、4组犊牛的采食量均高于1组(P>0.05),试验3、4组犊牛的平均日增重显著高于1组比提高,料重比显著低于1组(P<0.05)。(2)试验2、3、4组犊牛的干物质、钙、磷营养物质的表观消化率均高于1组(P>0.05),试验3、4组犊牛的粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维营养物质的表观消化率均显著高于1组(P<0.05)。(3)试验3、4组血清中TP含量显著高于1组(P<0.05),其GOT、BUN含量显著低于1组(P<0.05),试验2、3、4组犊牛的血清中GPT含量低于1组(P>0.05),ALB含量高于1组(P>0.05);(4)试验3、4组犊牛的血清中IgG、IgA含量显著高于1组(P<0.05),试验2、3、4组犊牛的血清中IgM含量高于1组(P>0.05)。酶菌混合处理苜蓿干草饲喂效果较好,可以提高荷斯坦犊牛生产性能、养分表观消化率,改善血液生化指标,提高免疫机能。

In order to study the effects of different alfalfa hay by preparation technology on the production performance,digestive performance and blood biochemical immune indexes of calves,a total of 100 healthy Holstein calves weighing 145±3 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 25 replicates in each group and one calf in each replicate.They were divided into normal hay group(group 1),alfalfa hay and normal hay group(group 2),enzyme bacteria mixed alfalfa hay group(Group 3)and alfalfa hay mixed silage group(Group 4)for 7 days.The period of treatment was 56 days.The results showed that:(1)the feed intake of calves in experiment 2,3 and 4 groups were higher than that in group 1(P>0.05),the average daily gain of calves in experiment 3 and 4 groups was significantly higher than that in group 1,and the feed weight ratio was significantly lower than that in group 1(P<0.05).(2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter,calcium and phosphorus of calves in experiment 2,3 and 4 groups were higher than those in group 1(P>0.05),and the apparent digestibility of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of calves in experiment 3 and 4 groups were significantly higher than those in group 1(P<0.05).(3)The content of TP in the serum of test 3 and 4 groups was significantly higher than that of group 1(P<0.05),the content of GOT and BUN was significantly lower than that of group 1(P<0.05),the content of GPT in the serum of test 2,3 and 4 groups was lower than that of group 1(P>0.05),and the content of ALB was higher than that of group 1(P>0.05);(4)the content of IgG and IgA in the serum of test 3 and 4 groups was significantly higher than that of group 1(P<0.05),and the content of IgM in the serum of test 2,3 and 4 groups was higher than that of group 1(P>0.05).In conclusion,the effect of enzyme bacteria mixed treatment on alfalfa hay feeding is better,which can improve the production performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,blood biochemical indexes and immune function of Holstein calves.