传统文化的现代转化与中国现代化——从马克思亚细亚生产方式理论谈起

Modern Transformation and Modernization of China on Traditional Culture——From Marx’s Theory of Asiatic Production Mode

马克思的亚细亚生产方式理论认为,亚洲社会具有“原始”公社、不存在土地私有制、自然经济、专制主义等特征,进而导致了亚洲的停滞社会。作为亚洲最主要、最典型的国家,亚细亚生产方式对中国传统社会及其文化产生了较大影响。亚细亚生产方式的这些特征与现代化之间存在一定的张力,只有批判地继承传统文化并实现其创造性转化和创新性发展,进而形成新的现代文化,才能更好地促进社会主义现代化建设,为人类探索一条现代化新路,创造出化解当代人类危机的人类文明新形态。

Marx’s theory of Asiatic production mode believes that Asian society has the characteristics of“primitive”communes without the features of private ownership of land,natural economy or absolutism,which leads to the stagnation of Asian society.As the most important and typical country in Asia,Asiatic production mode has had a great impact on the traditional society and its culture in China.There is tension between these attributes of Asiatic production mode and modernization in economy,politics,culture and society.Only by critically inheriting traditional culture and shaping new modern culture can we better promote socialist modernization,explore a new path of modernization for mankind,and create a new form of human civilization to resolve the crisis of contemporary mankind.