青少年自杀真实体验质性研究的Meta整合

Qualitative studies on real experience of suicide in adolescents: a Meta-synthesis

目的系统评价青少年自杀真实体验,为临床门诊、心理科预防青少年自杀以及社区护理人员掌握青少年心理健康情况并制定干预措施提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、The Cochrane Library、美国心理学会全文期刊数据库、万方数据库、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库,并辅以人工检索,检索青少年自杀真实体验的质性研究,时限均从建库至2022年7月。文献质量采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准进行评价,运用汇集性整合方法进行结果整合。结果共纳入10篇文献,提炼出42个研究结果,归纳为9个新类别,得到3个整合结果。整合结果1:青少年对自杀多维度认知——自杀因素的总结分析;整合结果2:青少年自杀的真实体验——复杂多变的情绪冲突;整合结果3:自杀未遂青少年的应对——敬畏生命与自我认同。结论青少年产生自杀意念、行为的因素呈现多维度,一旦诱发将对其造成持续性的消极影响,目前对于青少年预防自杀以及自杀未遂后的处理仍不够完善,临床医护人员需密切关注青少年的情绪心理变化,针对性给予患者适合其自身特点的应对方案,以守护青少年健康成长。

Objective To systematically evaluate the real experience of suicide in adolescents,and to provide reference for clinical outpatient,psychological department to prevent adolescent suicide and community nursing staff to know about adolescent mental health and formulate intervention measures.Methods We searched PubMed,EMbase,Web of Science,CINAHL,The Cochrane Library,PsycARTICLES,WanFang Data,CNKI,and CBM by computer and by manual search for qualitative studies pertaining to adolescent suicide and their real experience from the inception to July 2022.The quality of the literature was evaluated by the Australian JBI Evidence-based Health Care Center Qualitative research quality evaluation criteria,and the pooled integration method was used to integrate the results.Results A total of 10 articles were included,with 42 extracted results,which were summarized into 9 new categories,and 3 integrated results were obtained:1.multiple factors leading to suicide in adolescents;2.real experience of adolescent suicide:complicated emotion conflicts;3.support for adolescents after suicide attempt—reverence for life and self-identification.Conclusion Multi-dimensional factors for adolescent suicidal thoughts and behavior are observed,which will maintain sustained negative impact on the youth and the society.Great efforts should be made for the prevention of adolescent suicide and attempted suicide.More attention should go to adolescent psychological change,and targeted measures should be considered to promote the healthy growth of teenagers.