空气质量生态补偿对企业绿色技术创新的影响——基于三重差分模型的实证研究

Impact of Air Quality Ecological Compensation on Corporate Green Technology Innovation:A Case Study of DDD-Based Empirical Research

研究环境规制对企业绿色技术创新活动的影响对于提高我国可持续发展能力具有重要意义。因此,基于2015—2019年安徽、江西、湖南与山西4省的A股上市企业微观数据,以安徽省2018年实施的空气质量生态补偿政策为准自然实验,运用三重差分模型检验空气质量生态补偿政策对企业绿色技术创新的影响。研究发现:第一,空气质量生态补偿政策显著提高了安徽省空气污染行业内上市企业的绿色专利申请所占比例,但主要作用于绿色实用新型专利的申请。第二,就样本企业性质而言,国有企业对政策的反应强度比非国有企业更显著。第三,通过改变政策实施时间、平行趋势假设检验,以及随机匹配伪处理组等方法,对结果进行稳健性检验,研究结论基本不变。基于上述研究,我国应积极推进和完善空气质量生态补偿政策,灵活制定补偿标准,并加大对企业实质性创新行为的激励,充分发挥补偿政策的绿色技术创新效应。

Due to the fact that studying the impact of environmental regulations on green technology innovation activities of enterprises is of vital significance for an improvement of China’s sustainable development capacity,based on micro data of A-share listed enterprises in Anhui,Jiangxi,Hunan and Shanxi provinces from 2015 to 2019,taking as a quasi natural experiment the air quality ecological compensation policy implemented in Anhui Province in 2018,a difference-in-difference-in-difference model has thus been used to test the impact of air quality ecological compensation policy on corporate green technology innovation.It is found that firstly,the air quality ecological compensation policy significantly increases the proportion of green patent applications by listed companies in the air pollution industry in Anhui Province,but with a major effect on the application of green utility model patents.Secondly,in terms of the nature of the sample enterprises,the response intensity of state-owned enterprises to policies is more significant than that of non-state-owned enterprises.Thirdly,a robustness test is conducted on the results by changing the time of policy implementation,parallel trend hypothesis test and random matching of pseudo treatment groups,with the research conclusions remaining basically unchanged.Based on the above study,it is study that China should actively promote and improve the air quality ecological compensation policy,flexibly set the compensation standard and increase the incentive for substantive innovation behavior of enterprises,so as to give full play to the green technological innovation effect brought about by the compensation policy.