婚姻家庭与物权双重视野下居住权制度研究

Research onHabitatio System under Dual Perspective ofMarriage and Family and Property Rights

居住权制度经历婚姻家庭法的实践探索与物权法的定型发展,形成了体系完备的《民法典》居住权制度体系。居住权作为一种用益物权不仅具有协调物权制度与婚姻家庭制度体系关系的作用,而且起到了家庭伦理稳固、公共住房保障、家庭经济促进等多重社会功能。居住权作为一项新的制度,仍存在物权法视野下经济利益风险、婚姻家庭法视野下家庭伦理风险以及《民法典》整体视野下的制度困境。在《民法典》实施中,还须对居住权之制度规则进行合理调适,方能有效回应其多重社会功能,进而实现保障弱势群体住有所居的制度价值与立法目的。

Habitatio system has experienced the practice exploration of marriage&family law and the formation of a complete system of habitatio system in the civil code through the complete development of property law.As a kind of new right,residence right not only plays the role of coordinating the relationship between property law system and marriage&family law system,but also plays multiple social functions such as stabilizing family ethics,guaranteeing public housing,promoting family economy and so on.Although the residence right system is a new system,economic risks from the perspective of property law,family ethics risks from the perspective of marriage&family law,and institutional dilemmas from the overall perspective of Civil Code still exist.In the implementation of the Civil Code,reasonable adjustment of the system rules of habitatio should be made so as to effectively respond to its multiple social functions and realize the institutional value and legislative purpose of guaranteeing vulnerable groups housing.