二氧化硅气凝胶及复合体的应用研究进展

Progress and Applications of Silica-Based Aerogels and its Composites Complex

二氧化硅气凝胶具有低密度、高孔隙率、高比表面积、低导热率、物化性能稳定等特点,广泛应用于隔热、隔音、催化传输、吸附过滤、光电子等领域。介绍了以稻壳灰、粉煤灰和多晶硅副产四氯化硅等固废资源为硅源,采用喷雾冷冻干燥和燃烧干燥等技术制备二氧化硅气凝胶及复合体作为吸附材料和催化材料应用的研究进展。

Silica-based aerogel possesses the characteristics of low density and thermal conductivity, high porosity and specific surface area, and stable physical and chemical properties, which has been widely used in heat insulation, sound insulation, catalytic transmission, adsorption and filtration, photoelectronics and other fields. The latest research progress of silica-based aerogel prepared with solid waste resources such as rice husk ash, fly ash and polysilicon by-product silicon tetrachloride as silicon source, spray freeze drying and combustion drying method, and the application of silica-based aerogel and its composites as adsorption materials and catalytic materials was introduced.