日粮粗饲料类型对水牛消化代谢和泌乳性能的影响

Effects of dietary roughage types on digestibility and milk performance in water buffalo

为研究日粮粗饲料类型对水牛消化代谢和泌乳性能的影响,试验选用20头泌乳天数及泌乳量接近、胎次和体况相近的泌乳中期尼里拉菲水牛,随机分为2组,每组10头,分别饲喂玉米苞叶和甘蔗梢青贮为粗饲料的日粮。试验期共42 d,其中预试期14 d,正式试验期28 d。结果表明:(1)与玉米苞叶组相比,甘蔗梢青贮组泌乳水牛的干物质、有机物和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率分别显著提高3.07%、7.16%和12.45%(P<0.05);玉米苞叶组与甘蔗梢青贮组泌乳水牛的粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和能量表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)与玉米苞叶组相比,甘蔗梢青贮组泌乳水牛的产奶量、干物质采食量、4%乳脂校正乳产量、饲料转化效率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率和牛奶尿素氮分别提高了7.98%、4.09%、5.99%、1.87%、1.04%、0.77%和0.80%,乳脂率降低2.49%,但均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,甘蔗梢青贮作为粗饲料来源可显著提高泌乳水牛的干物质、有机物和酸性洗涤纤维消化代谢,玉米苞叶或甘蔗梢青贮作为粗饲料来源对水牛泌乳性能无显著影响。

In order to study the effects of roughage types on digestion,metabolism and lactation performance of buffalo,twenty mid-lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes with similar lactation days,milk yield,parity and body condition were randomly divided into two groups with 10 buffaloes in each group,which were fed with corn bracts and sugarcane top silage as roughage diets respectively.The trial period was 42 days,including 14 days of pre-trial period and 28 days of formal trial period.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the corn bract group,the apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter and acid detergent fiber in sugarcane silage group increased by 3.07%,7.16%and 12.45%respectively(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of crude fat,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and energy between corn bract and sugarcane top silage groups(P>0.05).(2)Compared with corn bract group,milk yield,dry matter intake,4%milk fat corrected milk yield,feed conversion efficiency,milk protein rate,lactose rate and milk urea nitrogen of sugarcane top silage group increased by 7.98%,4.09%,5.99%,1.87%,1.04%,0.77%and 0.80%respectively,while milk fat rate decreased by 2.49%,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Our findings indicated that sugarcane top silage as roughage source could significantly improve the digestion and metabolism of dry matter,organic matter and acidic detergent fiber in lactating buffalo,while corn bract or sugarcane top silage as roughage source had no significant effect on lactating performance of buffalo.