基于水风光一体化开发的黄河上中游水风光资源评价

Evaluation of Water,Wind and Solar Resources in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yellow River Based on Water,Wind and Solar Integration Development

黄河上中游地区水、风、光等清洁能源资源禀赋优势突出,为高质量推动黄河流域水、风、光一体化建设,实现“双碳”战略目标提供了基础条件。分析了黄河上中游生态环境条件、土地资源条件、水能资源条件,围绕调节能力强的水电站周边地区,开展风能资源、光能资源评价,提出风能资源、光能资源地理分布规律和开发潜力,为水风光一体化基地布局以及多种能源互补研究提供支撑。研究表明:研究区域内分布有自然保护区、水产种质资源保护区、水源保护区、风景名胜区、地质公园、湿地公园等多种类型环境敏感区,土地资源中草地面积最大,其次为耕地面积;上游的宁木特、茨哈峡、龙羊峡、刘家峡、黑山峡水电站,中游的碛口、古贤、小浪底水电站调节能力强,在相应河段具有龙头作用;上游龙羊峡及以上河段、黑山峡河段风光能资源最好,中游河段自上而下风光资源条件逐步变差,风能资源开发潜力3.75亿kW,光能资源开发潜力15.82亿kW。

The advantages of clean energy resources such as water,wind and solar in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River stand out,which provides the basic conditions for promoting the water,wind and light multienergy complementary energy base construction in the Yellow River Basin with high quality and realizing the strategic carbon reduction goal of“carbon peaking and neutralizing”.This study analyzed the ecological environment,land and water energy resources conditions in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River,carried out wind energy and light energy resources evaluation around the surrounding area of hydropower stations with strong regulating ability,put forward the geographical distribution law and development potential of wind and solar energy resources and provided support for the layout of water,wind and solar integration energy base and the research of multiple energy complementation.The results show that there are various types of environmentally sensitive areas such as nature reserves,aquatic germplasm reserves,water source reserves,scenic spots,geological relics,wetland parks,etc.In the research area,the grassland area is the largest among land resources,followed by the cultivated land area.The upstream Ningmut,Tshaxia,Longyangxia and Heishanxia,and the middle reaches of Qikou,Guxian and Xiaolangdi Hydropower Stations have strong regulation ability,which play the leading role in the corresponding river sections.The wind and solar energy resources in the upper reaches of Longyangxia and above and the Heishanxia sections are the best,and the wind and solar resources conditions in the middle reaches from top to bottom of the river section are gradually poor,with a development potential of 375 million kW for wind energy resources and 1.582 billion kW for solar energy resources.