国家级和省级少数民族特色村寨空间分异格局及其成因分析——以云南省为例

Spatial Differentiation Patterns and Causality Analysis of National and Provincial-level Ethnic Minority Characteristic Villages——A Case Study of Yunnan Province

以云南省为例,运用最邻近指数、泰森多边形法、核密度、空间自相关分析等方法,对比分析国家级和省级少数民族特色村寨的空间分异格局,并借助地理探测器分析影响空间分异格局的因素.(1)总体上,国家级和省级少数民族特色村寨空间均呈现“凝聚型”特征;(2)区域上,国家级和省级少数民族特色村寨在八大区域上呈现不同的格局;在民族区域分布上呈现出多民族交错共生性和集聚性;(3)空间密度上,国家级村寨形成“两点一带”的核密度空间特征,省级则呈现“多核心,分散分布”的特征;(4)空间相关性上,国家级、省级少数民族特色村寨空间集聚态势明显,均呈现“西热东冷”的冷热点分布格局;(5)经济因素、社会因素和生态因素共同作用对空间格局产生重要影响,经济发展水平与社会发展情况呈现出协同增强效应.

Taking Yunnan Province as an example,this study compares and analyzes the spatial differentiation patterns of national and provincial-level ethnic minority characteristic villages using methods such as nearest neighbor index,Thiessen polygon method,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation analysis.The study also utilizes a geographic detector to analyze the factors influencing spatial differentiation patterns.(1)Overall,the national and provincial-level ethnic minority characteristic villages both exhibit a"cohesive"spatial feature.(2)Regionally,the national and provincial-level ethnic minority characteristic villages exhibit different patterns in the eight major regions,with a multi-ethnic overlapping and coexistence as well as agglomeration in ethnic distribution.(3)In terms of spatial density,the national-level villages demonstrate a"two-point-one-belt"kernel density spatial feature,while the provincial-level villages exhibit a"multi-core,dispersed distribution"characteristic.(4)In terms of spatial correlation,both national and provincial-level ethnic minority characteristic villages show an obvious trend of spatial agglomeration,with a"hot and cold"distribution pattern.(5)Economic factors,social factors,and ecological factors collectively have a significant impact on the spatial pattern,and the economic and social development level demonstrate a synergistic enhancing effect.