锂电池组线性二次型调节器对散热性能的优化控制

Optimized control of heat dissipation performance by linear quadratic regulators of lithium battery packs

为了使锂离子电池组的工作温度保持在合理、安全的工作范围内,提出了一种线性二次调节控制器来控制液冷电池热管理系统的电池最高温度、温差和能耗。通过将NEDC和US06运行工况下的电流输入电池,利用Matlab-Simulink和Amesim软件建立产热模型,得到电池温度和温差曲线,验证了模型的可靠性。在3C充电-NEDC放电条件下,比较分析了LQR、PID和恒流量控制下的热管理性能。结果表明,基于LQR控制的电池热管理系统具有良好的响应速度和稳定性。通过比较3种控制器对BTMS最大温差的影响,发现当电池组液冷通道反向排列时,LQR控制器表现出最佳的控制能力。与PID和恒流控制器相比,LQR控制器可以降低冷却能耗。

In order to maintain the operating temperature of lithium ion battery packs in a reasonable and safe operating range,this paper proposes a linear quadratic regulator to control the maximum battery temperature,temperature difference and energy consumption of the liquid-cooling battery thermal management system.By inputting the current into a battery under the operation condition of NEDC and US06,heat generation models are built by using Matlab-Simulink and Amesim software.The battery temperature and temperature difference curves are obtained and the reliability of the models are validated.Under 3C charging and-NEDC discharging conditions,a comparative study of the thermal management capacity is carried out among LQR,PID and constant flow rate control.The results show that the battery thermal management system based on LQR control has a good response speed and stability.By comparing the effect of the three controllers on the maximum temperature difference of BTMS,it is found that the LQR controller exhibits the best control capacity when the liquid-cooling channels of the battery pack are arranged in reverse.Compared with PID and the constant current controller,the LQR controller can reduce cooling energy consumption.