公平视域中基础教育课后服务的价值与实现路径研究

Research on the Value and Realization Path of After-School Programs ofBasic Education from the Perspective of Equity

2021年,课后服务全面普及,其对于促进教育公平具有重要意义。本研究基于学校教育和家庭资本对社会再生产的联合影响机制,构建课后服务影响教育公平的理论框架,并对深圳市S区1481名中小学生展开问卷调查,建立SEM模型进行实证检验。结果显示:1)课后服务在家庭文化资本影响学生教育获得中起到部分中介作用;2)学校课后服务投入建设对学生参与课后服务具有显著积极影响;3)学生参与课后服务更容易受到学校教育影响,课后服务加强了学校教育机会均等化和教育质量均等化的功能,从而有利于抑制社会再生产和促进教育公平;4)不同表现形式的家庭文化资本在学生课后服务参与、教育获得中具有不同的作用机制。因此,政府应重视课后服务建设,同时继续管制影子教育,以促进教育跨越代际效应的发挥;学校应重视课后服务一校一策建设特点,灵活运用本校和社会资源,因地制宜开展课后服务。

To promote educational equity for primary and secondary students,afterschool programs(ASPs)have been officially launched and fully popularized in 2021.Based on the joint impact mechanism of school education and family capital on social reproduction,this study constructs a theoretical framework for the impact of ASPs on educational equity,conducts a questionnaire survey on 1481 primary and junior high school students in the S District of Shenzhen,and establishes an SEM model for empirical testing.The results show that 1)ASPs play a partial mediating role in the influence of family cultural capital on students􀆳educational attainment;2)The construction of ASPs has a significant positive impact on students􀆳participation in ASPs;3)Students􀆳participation in ASPs is more likely to be affected by school education.ASPs strengthen the function of equalization of educational opportunities and educational quality,which is conducive to inhibiting social reproduction and promoting educational equity;4)Different forms of family cultural capital play a different role in students􀆳participation in ASPs and educational attainment.Therefore,the government should expand the service scope of ASPs,and continue to regulate shadow education to promote the intergenerational effect of education.Besides,schools should attach importance to the construction characteristics of“one school,one policy”for ASPs,flexibly use their resources and social resources and build ASPs according to local conditions.