儿童第一乳磨牙远中邻面釉质凹陷分布及患龋特点

DISTRIBUTION OF ENAMEL DEPRESSION AND CARIES CHARACTERISTICS ON DISTAL PROXIMAL SURFACES OF FIRST DECIDUOUS MOLARS IN CHILDREN

目的探讨第一乳磨牙远中邻面釉质凹陷的分布特点及患龋情况,为第一乳磨牙邻面龋齿的研究提供参考。方法选取126例至少1颗第一乳磨牙远中邻面存在釉质凹陷的儿童,统计分析其第一乳磨牙远中邻面釉质凹陷的分布情况。结果313颗(62.1%)第一乳磨牙远中邻面存在釉质凹陷,99颗(19.6%)第一乳磨牙远中邻面无法判断凹陷有无,仅有92颗(18.3%)第一乳磨牙远中邻面无凹陷。第一乳磨牙远中邻面釉质凹陷的类型可分为Ⅰ型(57.2%)、Ⅱ型(2.2%)、Ⅲ型(20.4%)、Ⅳ型(1.0%)、Ⅴ型(4.2%)、Ⅵ型(13.1%)和Ⅶ型(1.9%)。第一乳磨牙釉质凹陷类型的牙位分布特点为Ⅰ型占比上颌显著高于下颌,Ⅲ型、Ⅵ型占比下颌显著高于上颌(H_(c)=37.29,P<0.01)。第一乳磨牙远中邻面釉质凹陷的象限分布特点为右下最多,其次为左下、右上、左上,且下颌釉质凹陷牙数显著高于上颌(χ^(2)=14.68,P<0.01)。第一乳磨牙远中邻面国际龋病检查和评估系统(ICDASⅡ系统)龋齿分级的患龋情况无象限差异。结论第一乳磨牙远中邻面釉质凹陷以Ⅰ型最多,其次是Ⅲ型和Ⅵ型;Ⅰ型釉质凹陷主要分布于上颌,Ⅲ型和Ⅵ型釉质凹陷主要分布于下颌。

Objective To investigate the distribution of enamel depression and the incidence of caries on the distal proximal surfaces of first deciduous molars,and to provide a reference for the study of dental caries on the proximal surfaces of first deciduous molars.Methods A total of 126 children with enamel depression on the distal proximal surface of at least one first deciduous molar were selected.The distribution characteristics of enamel depression on the distal proximal surface of the first deci-duous molar were statistically analyzed.Results Enamel depression was observed on the distal proximal surfaces of 313(62.1%)first deciduous molars;the presence of enamel depression could not be assessed on the distal proximal surfaces of 99(19.6%)first deciduous molars;only 92(18.3%)first deciduous molars had no enamel depression on distal proximal surfaces.Enamel depression on the distal proximal surfaces of first deciduous molars was divided into typesⅠ(57.2%),Ⅱ(2.2%),Ⅲ(20.4%),Ⅳ(1.0%),Ⅴ(4.2%),Ⅵ(13.1%),andⅦ(1.9%).TypeⅠwas found significantly more frequently in the upper jaw than in the lower jaw,and typesⅢandⅥwere found significantly more frequently in the lower jaw than in the upper jaw(H_(c)=37.29,P<0.01).Enamel depression on the distal proximal surfaces of first deciduous molars was most found in the lower right in quadrantal distribution,followed by the lower left,the upper right,and the upper left,and the number of teeth with enamel depression was significantly higher in the lower jaw than in the upper jaw(χ^(2)=14.68,P<0.01);there was no quadrant difference in caries prevalence on the distal proximal surfaces of first deciduous molars according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment SystemⅡ.Conclusion TypeⅠis the most common enamel depression on the distal proximal surface of the first deciduous molar,followed by typesⅢandⅥ;typeⅠenamel depression is mainly distributed in the upper jaw,while typesⅢandⅥenamel depressions are mainly distributed in the lower jaw.