视界融合理论观照下《诗经》婚恋诗英译的诗学功能传达效度探微

A probe into the communicative validity of English translation of Shijing courtship and marriage poems from the perspective of fusion of horizons

本文选取《诗经》婚恋诗作为研究对象,以译作视界与读者期待视界的融合度作为考量向度,参照亚瑟·韦利和汪榕培英译本,通过理论阐发、诗篇例证和统计学方法相结合的研究模式,对译本在音韵组合、语义传达和意象建构3个微观层级上的诗学功能(文学性)传达效度进行对比评析,探求足以再现原作诗学功能及艺术价值的《诗经》英译路径。研究发现:在音韵组合层级,汪氏在韵律、拍律和声律上采取存留原诗的诗学功能,重构自成一体的音韵组合的译介策略,契合读者审美期待视界,故转换效度高于韦译;在语义传达层级,两者诉诸想象力创化填补人物角色空白,视界融合度与诗学功能传达均较为理想;在意象建构层级,汪氏通过对仗结构和互文性语义场来建构意象关联,相较于韦氏亦步亦趋于原文的表征译介策略,其传达的文学视界融合效度更佳。

This essay,based on the degree to which the horizon of expectation of translation fuses with that of readers,is meant to compare the communicative validity of the poetic function in Shijing courtship and marriage poems by Arthur Waley and Wang Rongpei concerning rhyme and rhythm schemes,semantic transmission and image construction. The research results are as follows: for rhyme and rhythm dimension,Wang Rongpei ’s translation exceeds Arthur Waley ’s for retaining this poetic function and reconstructing his own rhyme and rhythm schemes. For semantic transmission dimension,the two translations attain almost the same level of communicative validity via crystallizing the indeterminacy of characters. As to image construction,Wang seeks to present the logical clue through creating antithetical construction and inter-textual semantic field in a bid to enhance the image correlation,thus enjoying a higher level of communicative validity than Waley.