脱木质素处理对木材组分和物化性能的影响研究

Effects of Delignification Treatment on Wood Composition and Physicochemical Properties

脱木质素是提高木材性能、制备新型木基功能材料的重要方法之一。采用由亚氯酸钠、冰醋酸和蒸馏水混合而成的改性剂对木材进行脱木素处理,研究脱木质素对木材材性的影响,并以残留木质素含量为指标,经单因素和正交试验获取最优工艺。结果表明:当亚氯酸钠溶液浓度为4 wt%、处理温度为100℃、处理时间为6 h、处理液浴比为1∶30时,残留木质素的含量均值为0.081 g。经过脱木质素处理后的木材,其材色变亮,质量损失率增加,吸水率明显提高。其中,明度值L*从52增加到85,质量损失率增至26%,吸水率从1.39%增至3.44%。研究结论可为脱木质素木材材性的综合评价及其加工利用提供理论依据。

Delignification is one of the important methods to improve wood properties and prepare new woodbased functional materials.The modified agent of sodium chlorite,glacial acetic acid and distilled water was used to delinize wood.The effect of delinification on wood properties was studied.The optimal technology was obtained by single factor and orthogonal test with the content of residual lignin as index.The results showed that when the sodium chlorite solution concentration was 4 wt%,the treatment temperature was 100℃,the treatment time was 6 h,and the treatment liquid-bath ratio was 1∶30,the mean value of residual lignin content was 0.081 g.After the delignification treatment,the wood color brightened,the mass loss rate increased,and the water absorption increased obviously.Among them,the brightness value L*increased from 52 to 85,the mass loss rate increased to 26%,water absorption increased from 1.39%to 3.44%.This study can provide theoretical basis for the comprehensive evaluation of delignification wood properties and its processing and utilization.