批评话语分析视域下的中国农民形象研究——以《人民日报》“三农”报道为例

A Critical Discourse Study of the Image of Chinese Farmers in the People’s Daily’s Reports on Agriculture,Rural Areas and Farmers

采用语料库方法,依据批评话语分析理论,从高频词、关键词和“农民”的搭配词等角度,分析了《人民日报》“三农”报道话语所塑造的中国农民形象。研究表明,《人民日报》“三农”报道话语塑造的中国农民既有依靠土地、种植农产品的传统农业经营主体形象,又有规模化、专业化、企业化和规范化的新型农业经营主体形象,其中新型农业经营主体形象更为凸显。它既构建了中国农民居住在农村、从事农业的“三农”经营主体形象和国民经济经营主体形象,又塑造了他们弱势群体经济形象和获益后的受益者形象以及以“培训”为途经的新型职业农民形象。文章认为这些特征及其形象的形成是中国社会现实问题的反映,也与中国政府正视这些问题并采取相应政策举措有关。

This article,in light of critical discourse analysis,investigates images of Chinese farmers in the People’s Daily’s reports on agriculture,rural areas and farmers,based on a corpus-based analysis of the use of high-frequency content words,key words and the collocations of“farmer(s)”.The investigation reveals that Chinese farmers have the images of traditional and new agricultural management main bodies,which are characterized by land-based agricultural products growth and a scale,specialization,enterprising and standardization respectively.Compared with the image of traditional agricultural management main body,the image of new agricultural management main body is more impressive.It also indicates that Chinese farmers have the images of“agriculture,rural areas and farmers”management and national economic management main bodies who live in rural areas with farming,and those of weak economy and beneficiary and that of a new profession by way of“training”.It is argued in the article that the images of Chinese farmers are attributable to China’s social reality problems and corresponding policies and measures which Chinese governments has adopted in facing and dealing with these problems.