运用虫类药治疗肝硬化研究进展

Research Progress in the Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis with Insect Drugs

肝气郁结日久进而形成气结,血瘀,水停等多种病理状态,气、血、水的逆乱为肝硬化的核心病机。本文分析肝硬化“气结-血瘀-正虚-水停”等阶段针对性的虫类药,从散结软坚破气以攻、搜风入络祛痰化瘀以通、补益肝肾扶正以养、扶正化瘀利水以消这4个方面虫类药的运用总结虫类药治疗肝硬化及腹水的规律。虫类药能够发挥软坚散结,活血化瘀,补益培本,化瘀利水之功效,以上性味特点以及特殊功效颇能切合肝硬化过程中“久病气结”“痰瘀入络”“久病正虚”“血瘀水停”等病因病机。

Liver qi stagnation can lead to the formation of qi stagnation,blood stasis,water retention,and other pathological states,and the disorder of qi,blood,and water is the core pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis.This article analyzed the targeted use of insect drugs for different stages of liver cirrhosis,such as“qi stagnation-blood stasis-qi deficiency-water retention”.The use of insect drugs in the treatment of liver cirrhosis and ascites was summarized from the following four aspects:dissipating mass,softening hardness,and breaking qi for attacking,expelling wind in collaterals,removing phlegm,resolving stasis for dredging,tonifying the liver and kidney for nourishing,and reinforcing healthy qi,resolving stasis,and excreting water for eliminating.Insect drugs can play a role in softening hardness,dispersing mass,promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis,tonifying for consolidating the root,resolving stasis,and excreting water.These properties and special effects are particularly suitable for the pathogenesis of“long-term illness with qi stagnation”,“phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the collaterals”,“long-term illness resulting in qi deficiency”,and“blood stasis and water retention”during the course of liver cirrhosis.