河北省早产发病率及危险因素分析

Prevalence and risk factors of premature birth in Hebei Province from 2014 to 2021

目的:探讨河北省早产的发病率和危险因素。方法:收集2014年至2021年河北省22家监测医院分娩产妇的相关数据,分析早产儿发病率及危险因素。结果:共纳入366212例产妇,早产发病率5.4%(19904/366212),2014年至2021年早产发病率呈上升趋势;高龄组、非已婚组、小学及文盲组、妊娠≥2次组、产检次数<3次组、子痫前期组、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)组的早产发病率高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,高龄、妊娠次数≥2次、子痫前期、GDM是早产的独立危险因素。规律产检(产检次数4~7次、≥8次)是早产的保护因素。结论:针对子痫前期、GDM高危人群进行早期筛查、规范管理,重视高龄孕妇管理,加强孕期保健的宣传,采取预防措施,避免早产发生,对改善围产结局具有重要意义。

Objective:To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of premature delivery in Hebei Province.Methods:The data of all discharged parturient in 22 monitoring hospital from 2014 to 2021 were collected.Incidence rate and risk factors of premature infants in Hebei Province were analyzed statistically.Results:There were 366212 cases in total and the incidence rate of premature delivery was 5.4%(19904/366212).The incidence rate of premature delivery showed an upward trend from 2014 to 2021.The incidence rate of preterm delivery was higher in the elderly group,the non-married group,the primary school and illiterate group,the group with pregnancy≥2 times,the group with prenatal examination times<3 times,the preeclampsia group,and the pregnancy diabetes group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that old age,pregnancy times≥2,preeclampsia,and gestational diabetes were independent risk factors for preterm delivery.Regular antenatal examination(4~7 times,≥8 times)was a protective factor for premature delivery.Conclusion:Early screening,standardized management,attention to the management of elderly pregnant women,strengthening the publicity of pregnancy health care,and taking preventive measures to avoid premature delivery are of great significance for improving perinatal outcomes.