《我这一辈子》电影改编始末新探——兼谈石挥与老舍在1949—1950年间精神焦虑的生成与纾解

A New Study of the Film Adaptation of My Whole Life--A Concurrent Discussion on the Generation and Relief of the Mental Anxiety between Shi Hui and Lao She in 1949-1950

关于老舍小说《我这一辈子》的电影改编,前人研究多集中于原著与电影之间的差异对比,以及由此引发的关于电影是否应该忠于原著的讨论。但本文并不着眼于此,而是基于现存史料的证据,重新对这一改编事件的始末进行探究,并对先前的一些观点做出修正,比如最初想要翻拍此片的并非是石挥而是黄佐临,该片的剧本创作也并非是杨柳青一人所为,石挥同样参与其中并发挥了重要作用等等。此外,关于这一改编事件仍存在诸多疑点,比如石挥在改编过程中遭遇到哪些阻碍?向来强调改编要遵循原著的老舍为何默许了石挥对其原著的大幅度改动?在某种意义上,这些疑问的澄清,将有助于我们更好地弄清在新旧社会交替之际,石挥与老舍会出现精神焦虑的深层原因,以及他们为了缓解各自焦虑又做出了哪些具体的尝试。

As regards the film adaptation of Lao She’s novel My Whole Life,most previous studies have focused on the differences between the original novel and the film,as well as the discussion on whether the film should be faithful to the original novel.However,this paper does not focus on this point,but re-explores the history of this adaptation event based on the existing historical evidence,and revises some previous views,such as the fact that it was not Shi Hui but Huang Zuolin who initially wanted to remake the film,and that the script of the film was not written by Yang Liuqing alone,but that Shi Hui also participated and played an important role in it.In addition,there are still a lot of doubts about this adaptation,such as what obstacles Shi Hui encountered in the process of adaptation?Why did Lao She,who has always stressed the importance of following the original,acquiesce to Shi Hui’s drastic changes to his original work?In a sense,the clarification of these questions will help us better understand the underlying reasons for the mental anxiety of Shi Hui and Lao She at the time of the transition between the old and the new,and what specific attempts they made to ease their respective anxiety.