马克思分配正义观视域下共同富裕的实践路径研究

A Study of the Practical Path of Common Wealth in the Context of Marx’s View of Distributive Justice

马克思通过对资本主义生产方式的批判,构画了未来社会的分配正义理论,指出消灭资本主义私有制、重构个人所有制是实现分配正义的生产性前提。当前我国社会发展中存在贫富差距不断扩大的事实,基本原因在于资本逻辑的影响、资源禀赋的差异以及我国实施先富带后富的相关政策,根本原因在于生产资料所有制形式以及分配领域特别是初次分配中劳资之间的问题。实现社会主义共同富裕,理论上既需要坚持马克思分配正义观,又要在以公有制为主体的“混合所有制”前提下,重点聚焦生产和初次分配领域,从发展型制度转向共富型制度,从提高劳动力等级到抑制资本无序扩张,从劳动力产权的确立到权益实现等方面协同发力。

The fact that there is a widening gap between the rich and the poor in China’s current social development is basically due to the influence of the logic of capital,differences in resource endowments and the implementation of China’s policy related to bringing the rich first to the rich later.The fundamental reason lies in the form of ownership of the means of production and the problems between labour and capital in the field of distribution,especially in the initial distribution.To achieve socialist common wealth,theoretically,we need to adhere to Marx’s view of distributive justice,but also to break through Marx’s ideal premise of distributive justice under the premise of“mixed ownership”with public ownership as the mainstay,and focus on the areas of production and primary distribution,from a developmental system to a system of common wealth,from raising the rank of labour to curbing capital.The focus is on production and primary distribution,moving from a developmental system to a system of shared wealth,from raising the hierarchy of labour to curbing the disorderly expansion of capital,and from the establishment of property rights for labour to the realisation of rights and interests.