流动人口健康状况公平性及影响因素研究

Equity of health status among floating population and the influencing factors

目的探讨流动人口健康状况影响因素,评估健康状况公平性及各影响因素对不公平的贡献。方法利用2018年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,采用自评健康不良率和两周患病率反映健康状况,运用logit模型分析健康状况影响因素,计算集中指数,对集中指数进行分解。结果流动人口健康状况的主要影响因素为年龄、周工作时长、经济水平、受教育程度、地区、流动时长、健康教育等。流动人口自评健康不良率及两周患病率的集中指数分别为-0.4743和-0.1568。除去性别、年龄的影响,经济水平、受教育程度、周工作时长对自评健康不公平贡献率较高,分别为26.91%、11.37%、9.27%;经济水平、周工作时长、受教育程度对两周患病率不公平贡献率较高,分别为32.58%、16.93%、5.36%。结论流动人口内部存在健康状况不公平,建议促进收入、教育、就业等方面的公平性,减少健康不公平。

bjective To explore the influencing factors of the health status of the floating population,to e-valuate health equity and factors’contributions to the inequity.Methods Based on China Migrants Dynamic Sur-vey data in 2018,the poor perceived health prevalence rate and two-week prevalence rate were used to reflect the health status,the logit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of health status,the concentration index was calculated,and the concentration index was decomposed.Results The main factors affecting health status were age,working hours per week,economic level,education level,region,mobile years,and health education.The concentration indexes of poor perceived health prevalence rate and two-week prevalence rate were-0.4743 and-0.1568 respectively.Excluding the influence of gender-age,the contribution of economic level,education level and working hours per week to the perceived health inequity was relatively high,with the percentage contribu-tion being 26.91%,11.37%and 9.27%respectively.The contribution of economic level,working hours per week and education level to the two-week prevalence was relatively high,with the percentage contribution being 32.58%,16.93%and 5.36%respectively.Conclusions The inequity of health status exists in floating popula-tion.Measures should be taken to improve the equity of income,education,and employment to reduce health inequity.