儿童物质至上价值观量表的修订

Modification of the material values scale for adaptation in Chinese children

目的对Richins和Dawson编制的物质至上量表以及Opree编制的儿童物质至上量表缩减版进行整合修订,以便让该量表更符合我国文化背景下的儿童使用。方法第一次取样采用方便取样法选取辽宁省沈阳市一所小学六年级学生105人进行问卷预测,问卷全部回收,有效回收率为100%;第二次采取方便取样法选取辽宁省沈阳市某所小学五、六年级学生500人进行问卷的正式施测,回收有效问卷452份。对所得数据进行项目分析、探索性因子分析、信度检验、校标效度检验。结果修订后的物质至上量表共计14个项目,包含物质成功、物质中心、物质幸福3个因子。修订后的物质至上价值观量表的α系数为0.848,各因子的α系数分别为:0.849、0.734、0.650。物质至上价值观量表各因子、总体得分与炫耀行为的相关系数在0.401~0.830;与虚荣行为的相关系数在0.471~0.774。通过验证性因子分析发现物质至上价值观的模型拟合度良好。结论修订后的儿童物质至上价值观量表具有良好的信效度。

Objective To formulate a material values scale(MVS)that adapts better to the context of Chinese culture for use in children,integrating with some modifications the Richins-Dawson Materialistic Values Scale and the reduced version of Opree Material Values Scale for Children.Methods A pilot questionnaire survey was conducted in a convenient sample of 105 grade-6 pupils from a primary school in Shenyang of Liaoning Province,resulting in full recovery of all the questionnaires with a 100%response rate.Then,again with a convenient sampling method,our formalized questionnaire survey was conducted in a total of 500 grade 5 or 6 pupils from another primary school in Shenyang of Liaoning Province,with 452 valid questionnaires collected.The survey data were subjected to item analysis,exploratory factor analysis,reliability test,and calibration validity test.Results There were 14 items in our modified MVS,categorized under three factors:material success,material centrality and material happiness.Theαcoefficient of the modified MVS was 0.848,and those of each factor were 0.849,0.734 and 0.650,respectively.The range of coefficients was 0.401 to 0.830 for correlations of each factor or total scores of the MVS with ostentation,and 0.471 to 0.774 with vanity behaviors.Confirmatory factor analysis showed favorable goodness of fit with our model of material values.Conclusion The modified material values scale in this study offers good reliability and validity.