安全感在大学生社会支持与自杀态度间的中介作用

Mediating effect of perceived safety in the relationship between social support and suicidal attitudes among college students

目的考察大学生的社会支持、安全感与自杀态度间的关系,分析安全感在社会支持和自杀态度间的中介作用。方法采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、安全感量表、自杀态度问卷(QSA)对580名在校大学生进行调查,通过中介分析探讨三者间的关系。结果①对自杀行为持反对态度的大学生社会支持和安全感得分高于对自杀行为持肯定态度的大学生(P<0.01)。②社会支持与自杀态度呈正相关(r=0.24,P<0.01),安全感与自杀态度呈正相关(r=0.18,P<0.01),社会支持与安全感呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.01);回归分析结果显示,社会支持正向预测自杀态度和安全感;社会支持通过安全感对自杀态度有间接效应,中介效应占总效应值的20.1%。结论安全感在社会支持与自杀态度的关系中起部分中介作用,即社会支持不仅能够直接正向预测大学生的自杀态度,并且还能够通过安全感间接影响大学生的自杀态度。

Objective To investigate the relationship between social support,perceived safety and suicidal attitudes among college students,and to elaborate on the mediating role of perceived safety between social support and suicidal attitudes.Methods A total of 580 college students at current enrollment were investigated with Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Sense of Security Scale and Questionnaire on Suicide Attitudes(QSA).The relationship among the three was explored through mediation analysis.Results①College students with opposing attitudes toward suicidal behavior had higher social support and safety scores than those with positive attitudes toward suicidal behavior(P<0.01).②Social support was positively correlated with suicidal attitudes(r=0.24,P<0.01),perceived safety was positively correlated with suicidal attitudes(r=0.18,P<0.01),and social support was positively correlated with perceived safety(r=0.43,P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that social support positively predicted suicidal attitudes and perceived safety.The indirect effect of social support on suicidal attitudes through perceived safety was statistically significant,with the mediating effect accounting for 20.1%of the total effect value.Conclusion Perceived safety plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between social support and suicidal attitudes,i.e.,social support not only directly and positively predicts suicidal attitudes among college students,but also indirectly influences suicidal attitudes through perceived safety.