中小农业企业供应链融资策略研究——基于政府引导视角

Research on Supply Chain Financing Strategy of Small and Medium-sized Agricultural Enterprises--From the Perspective of Government Guidance

农业是我国国民经济的基础,中小农业企业为促进我国农业产业化做出了巨大贡献。但融资难、融资贵问题一直是阻碍我国中小企业可持续发展的一个重要因素。文章结合中小农业企业的生命周期特征和行业属性,探讨了中小农业企业供应链融资的适应性,分析得出供应链融资模式并不能适用于中小农业企业生命周期内的各个阶段,且由于农业天然弱质性且生产周期长,生产规模小、财务透明度差以及抵押资产不足等原因,导致了中小农业企业很难通过预付款及存货和动产质押等供应链融资方式进行融资,而由于农业生产不确定性大、风险较高,使得中小农业企业的订单质押融资、交易信用融资以及应收账款融资也只在理论上具有可行性。因此,文章从实际角度出发,加入了政府引导因素,基于企业交易订单、企业交易信用以及应收账款构建了中小农业企业供应链融资模式,从建立中小农业企业供应链、构建供应链融资生态以及风险监管等方面,提出了中小农业企业供应链融资的实施路径。

Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy.Small and medium-sized agricultural companies have made great contribution to the promotion of the agriculture industrialization in our country.However,the problem of financing difficulty and expensive financing has always been an important factor in hindering the sustainable development of our small and medium-sized enterprises.Based on the life cycle characteristics and industry attributes of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises,this paper discusses the adaptability of supply chain financing of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises.The analysis shows that the supply chain financing model is not suitable for each stage of the life cycle of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises.In addition,due to the weak nature of agriculture,long production cycle,small scale of production,poor financial transparency and insufficient mortgage assets,it is difficult for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises to finance through supply chain financing methods such as advance payment,inventory and movable property pledge.However,due to the great uncertainty and high risk of agricultural production,the order pledge financing,transaction credit financing and accounts receivable financing of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises are only feasible in theory.Therefore,this article embarks from the practical angle,joined the government guiding factors,based on the enterprise trade order,enterprise credit and accounts receivable to construct the small and medium-sized agricultural enterprise supply chain financing model,from establish ecological agriculture,small and medium enterprises supply chain,build the supply chain financing and risk supervision and so on,puts forward the implementation of the small and medium-sized agricultural enterprise supply chain financing path.