泌尿外科护士对性健康教育认知和态度的质性研究

Qualitative study on the cognition and attitude of urological nurses towards sexual health education

目的探讨泌尿外科护士对患者性健康教育的认知和态度,为泌尿外科专科性健康教育的开展提供依据。方法本研究基于现象学研究法,采用目的抽样法于2021年6月13日至8月31日选取上海市、山东省、海南省、安徽省、新疆维吾尔自治区的5家三级甲等医院泌尿外科18名护士进行半结构式访谈,应用C1aizzi现象学资料7步分析法分析资料。结果经过提炼得出2大类5个主题,包括概念模糊(概念混淆、角色缺失、理论知识缺乏)、忽略与回避(尊重患者意愿、优先等级低)。结论泌尿外科护士对患者性健康教育需求评估能力较低,开展的性健康教育内容片面、形式单一、准备度较低,无法为患者提供个性化、规范化健康教育。应针对泌尿外科护士开展多种途径教育,尽快研发我国泌尿外科患者性健康教育需求评估工具,制订兼顾规范化与个性化的性健康教育标准,为患者提供全面、系统连贯的性健康教育,以提升泌尿外科患者的性健康水平。

Objective To explore the cognition and attitude of urological nurses towards patients′sexual health education,and to provide basis for the development of urological patient sexual health education.Methods The research was based on the phenomenology research method.Qualitative research were used to conduct semi-structured personal in-depth interviews with 18 nursing staff who are from 5 tertiary general hospitals in Shanghai,Shandong,Hainan,Anhui and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region using a purposive sampling,data were analyzed by claizzi phenomenological data 7-step analysis method.Results After refining,two categories and five themes were obtained,including vague concepts(confusion of concepts,lack of roles,lack of theoretical knowledge),neglect and avoidance(respect for patients′wishes,low priority).Conclusions Urological nurses have low ability to evaluate the needs of patients′sexual health education,and the content of sexual health education was one-sided,the form was single,and the degree of preparation was low,so they can not provide personalized and standardized health education for patients.We should carry out education in multiple ways for urological nurses,develop a tool for assessing the needs of urological patients′sexual health education in China as soon as possible,formulate a standardized and personalized sexual health education standard,and provide comprehensive,systematic and consistent sexual health education for patients,so as to improve the sexual health level of urological patients.