东风螺生物学与遗传育种研究进展

Advances in biology and genetic breeding of Babylonia

东风螺是我国南方重要的海水经济养殖贝类,近20年东风螺的养殖规模和养殖产量不断增加,目前仅海南与福建两省的年产量已达2万余吨;但近年来因种质退化等出现生长、抗逆等性能明显下降,养殖过程中暴发性病害频发等问题.因此,在东风螺生物学研究的基础上,开展东风螺的遗传改良研究对于东风螺养殖产业的可持续健康发展十分重要.本文综合作者团队30余年的研究成果,从东风螺的分类与进化、生物学特征、营养价值与需求、选择育种、杂交育种、DNA分子标记开发和利用等方面对相关研究进展进行论述,并提出今后东风螺遗传育种研究的发展思路.

Babylonia is an important mariculture shellfish in southern China.Over the past 20 years,the breeding scale and production of Babylonia have been increasing continuously.At present,the annual production of Babylonia in Hainan and Fujian provinces has exceeded 20000 tons.However,in recent years,due to the degradation of germplasm and other reasons,the breeding traits such as growth and stress resistance have decreased significantly,and fulminant disease occurred frequently during the breeding process.Therefore,to ensure sustainable and healthy development of Babylonia culture industry,it s very important to carry out studies on the genetic improvement in Babylonia based on biological research.In this paper,based on the research results of the author s team over the past 30 years,we reviewed the related research progress from the aspects of classification and evolution,biological characteristics,nutritional value and requirements,selective breeding,cross breeding,development and utilization of DNA markers.Future research directions in these topics were also proposed.