SPAR-H人员可靠性分析方法的应用优化研究

Study of Application Optimization of SPAR-H Human Reliability Analysis Method

标准化核电厂风险分析人员可靠性分析方法(SPAR-H方法)在现阶段国内外事故后人员失误事件(HFE)的分析中得到了广泛应用,但在工程应用过程中发现,目前参考的方法论文献对绩效形成因子(PSF)的定义、评级准则的描述不够明确、详细,从而对人员失误概率(HEP)的计算准确性造成影响。为解决该问题,本研究结合SPAR-H方法实施导则,对可用时间、压力及复杂度PSFs进行了深入研究,给出了定量化中PSF定义、评级的更加明确的参考依据,并结合实例分析对“可用时间”PSF的改进优化进行了应用说明。理论研究和实例分析表明,相关优化建议改善了SPAR-H方法中的PSF等级评定过程,得到更符合工程实际的HEPs,增强了人员可靠性分析(HRA)定量化结果的可信度。

The Standardized Plant Analysis Risk Human Reliability Analysis method(SPAR-H method)is widely used in the analysis of post-accident human failure events(HFEs)at present.However,the detailed judgment criteria and analysis process of the PSF levels are not described definitely and in detail,which may result in the uncertainty of the calculated human error probability(HEP).In order to solve above problems,supplementary guidance in the process of identifying PSF and rating PSF is given when using SPAR-H method to quantify HFEs based on the SPAR-H Step-by-Step Guidance.The PSFs,such as available time,stress and complexity are further studied.Combined with an example,the improvement and optimization of“available time”PSF are explained.Theoretical research and case analysis show that,relevant optimization suggestions can improve the PSF analysis process in SPAR-H method,and more reasonable HEPs could be obtained,therefore enhance the accuracy of quantitative results of human reliability analysis(HRA).