英语将来表达式的概念化认知理据

Cognitive Motivations on the Conceptualization of Future Expressions in English

本文基于英语将来表达式的概念化研究对“时空映射假说”的普适性提出不同看法。通过探讨“感知将来”及其概念化问题,本文发现:(1)感知将来是参照点之后世界存在的过程,包含运动过程本身、距离和方向三要素。(2)经过反复体验与感知,认知主体对感知将来的不同侧面进行概念化,生成了不同的“将来”概念。英语将来表达式的概念化机制主要为概念隐喻或概念隐转喻机制。本文认为,“时间源自空间”是普遍认知规律,但Lakoff等人提出的“MOVING TIME”“MOVING EGO”和“TEMPORAL SUCCESSION”这三种时空隐喻认知模型并不适用于所有“时间”概念的生成,认知主体对感知将来不同侧面的概念化是英语将来表达式产生的重要理据。

The paper proposes different views on the universality of the “Space-Time Mapping Hypothesis ” based on the res earch on the conceptualization of future expressions in English.Through the discussion of the “conceived future” and its conceptualization, it is found that:(1) Conceived future is the process of the world's existence after the reference point, including the process of motion itself, distance and direction.(2) After repeated experience and perception, cognizers conceptualize different aspects of the conceived future and generate different concepts of the future. The mechanism of the conceptualization of future expressions in English is mainly conceptual metaphor or conceptual metaphor-metonymy. The paper holds that “TIME origins from SPACE” is a universal cognitive law, but the three cognitive models of space-time metaphor proposed by Lakoff et al., namely “MOVING TIME”, “MOVING EGO” and “TEMPORAL SUCCESSION” do not apply to the generation of all temporal concepts. The conceptualization of different aspects of conceived future by cognizers is an important motivation for the generation of different future expressions in English.