抑制癌症治疗多药耐药性的纳米药物递送体系

Nanoscale drug delivery systems for multidrug resistance inhibition in cancer therapy

多药耐药(MDR)是指肿瘤细胞对传统和新型化疗药物产生耐药性的现象,成为治疗恶性肿瘤的重要障碍。近年来,已发现纳米药物递送体系(NDDS)在抑制肿瘤MDR方面表现出独特优势,可增加药物的溶解度和稳定性,避开药物外排泵、以更低的剂量和更少的副作用实现目标部位更高的药物浓度。因此,NDDS成为克服癌症MDR的有效策略。介绍了肿瘤MDR机制;从多肽类配体、叶酸靶向配体、转铁蛋白靶向配体、透明质酸配体、双配体及其他配体5个方面总结了辅助纳米粒子克服MDR的研究进展;综述了内源性及外源性刺激响应型纳米药物的设计、结构以及克服MDR的效果;提出了抑制癌症治疗多药耐药性的NDDS存在的问题及未来发展方向。

Multi-drug resistance(MDR),the phenomenon of tumor cells resistant to traditional and new chemotherapeutic drugs,has become an important obstacle to the treatment of malignant tumors.In recent years,it has been found that nanoscale drug delivery systems(NDDS)have unique advantages in inhibiting tumor multi-drug resistance,including promoting the solubility and stability of drugs,avoiding drug efflux pumps,achieving higher drug concentrations at the targ et site with lower doses and negligible toxic side effects.Therefore,NDDS has emerged as an effective strategy to overcome MDR in cancer treatment.Herein,the MDR mechanism of tumor cells was introduced,followed by summarization on the research progress of ligands assisting nanoparticles for MDR inhibition,mainly peptide ligands,folate targeting ligands,transferrin targeting ligands,hyaluronic acid ligands,dual ligands and others.Furthermore,the design,structure and MDR inhibition effect of endo-and exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoscale drugs were reviewed.Finally,the existing problems and future development direction of nanoscale drug delivery systems for inhibiting multidrug resistance in cancer therapy were discussed.