酯化改性葵花秸秆吸油性能研究

Study on Oil Absorption Performance of Esterified Modified Sunflower Straw

油类在开采、运输、精制过程中容易进入海洋及其他水体造成一系列的生态破坏及经济损失,葵花秸秆是低成本、环境友好的农业废弃物,以废弃葵花秸秆为原料,分别用丙酮-环己烷、10%氨水、甲苯-乙醇3种方法预处理后对葵花秸秆酯化改性,制取天然有机吸油材料。对改性前后制备材料的吸油性、保油性、重复利用率等进行测定,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)对改性前后的材料进行表征。结果表明:甲苯-乙醇预处理酯化改性后的葵花秸秆材料表面均匀,表现出良好的吸油性能,与原始葵花秸秆材料相比,保油率、重复利用率均显著提高,在处理有机水体污染时表现出良好的选择吸附性。因此,低成本改性葵花秸秆作为天然吸附剂,在治理有机水污染方面具有很大的应用潜力。

Sunflower straw is one of the low-cost and environment-friendly agricultural wastes.The waste sunflower straw was used as raw material and modified by esterification of sunflower straw after pretreatment with acetone-cyclohexane,10%ammonia and toluene-ethanol respectively to produce natural organic oil-absorbing materials.The oil absorption,oil retention and repeated utilization were measured before and after modification,and the materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)before and after modification.The results showed that the toluene-ethanol esterification modification resulted in better oil absorption,and the oil retention rate and repeated utilization rate were significantly improved.The surface modified straw material after surface modification was uniform and showed good oil absorption performance;meanwhile,its adsorption rate obtained significant improvement compared with the original straw material and showed good selective adsorption in treating organic water pollution.Therefore,the low-cost modified sunflower straw has great potential for application as a natural adsorbent in the treatment of organic water pollution.