低密度中性粒细胞与感染性疾病关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between low-density neutrophils and infectious diseases

中性粒细胞在感染性疾病中发挥重要作用,它既能在疾病早期清除病原体,也会在疾病进展中对机体周围组织产生损害.低密度中性粒细胞(LDN)是中性粒细胞的一个重要且独特的亚群,它是由活化脱颗粒的正常成熟中性粒细胞和大量从骨髓中过早释放的未成熟的中性粒细胞共同组成的混合物,LDN可能通过改变吞噬作用、产生活性氧(ROS)、增强生成中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网的能力和免疫抑制等多种方式参与疾病的发生和发展.我们总结了新型冠状病毒肺炎、发热伴血小板减少综合征、艾滋病、结核病等感染性疾病发病机制中LDN的作用及其与病情的相关性.

Neutrophils play an important role in infectious diseases by clearing pathogens in the early stages of the disease and damaging the surrounding tissues along with the disease progress.Low-density neutrophils(LDNs)are a crucial and distinct subpopulation of neutrophils.They are a mixture of activated and degranulated normal mature neutrophils and a considerable number of immature neutrophils prematurely released from the bone marrow.Additionally,they may be involved in the occurrence and development of diseases through the changes in phagocytosis,the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),the enhancement of the ability to produce neutrophils extracellular traps and immunosuppression.We summarizes the role of LDNs in the pathogenesis and their correlation with the severity of infectious diseases such as COVID-19,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS),AIDS,and tuberculosis.