角膜冷受体感觉神经元在干眼发生和发展中的作用

Role of corneal cold thermoreceptors in the occurrence and development of dry eye

干眼是由泪液质、量和动力学改变引起的以泪膜稳态失衡为特征的多因素疾病,可伴有眼部不适、视觉障碍、眼表及神经损伤等临床表现。冷受体感觉神经元存在于人眼表,对角膜表面温度及泪液渗透压的变化较为敏感,可以诱导冷觉、痛觉的产生,并调节泪液分泌,与干眼临床表现有诸多联系。本文就角膜表面冷受体对角膜感觉调节、泪液分泌调节,角膜感觉调控相关影响因素,TRPM8相关药物的临床应用研究进展进行综述,为干眼治疗提供思路。

Dry eye is a multifactorial disease caused by changes in tear quality,volume and dynamics.Disturbance of tear film as the main character is accompanied by discomfort,visual disorder,and damage to the ocular surface and nerves.Cold thermoreceptors existing on the ocular surface are sensitive to alterations in corneal temperature and tear osmolality.They can give rise to the sensations of cold and pain,and regulate tear secretion,and are considered to be associated with the clinical manifestations of dry eye in some ways.This article reviewed the progress of corneal cold thermoreceptors in the regulation of corneal sensation and tear secretion,the related factors of corneal sensory regulation,and the clinical applications of TRPM8-related drugs,so as to provide ideas for the treatment of dry eye.