闽南方言“社”的历史渊源与文化内涵探析

An Analysis of the Historical Origin and Cultural Connotation of“社”in Minnan Dialect

词语的留存总是能体现人们潜意识里的情感、文化和精神认同。乡村基层组织的通名“村”已使用上千年,但在一些闽南人的口语中仍称“社”不称“村”,正是这一点的体现。闽南方言中的“社”包括了土地信仰、宗族意识、领土保护神和基层组织等多重内涵。这几种内涵是在不同的历史时期层层累积而成的。这些含义中只有“基层组织”这点与“村”的概念重合,其他几点则都是“村”所没有的。

The retention of words can always reflect people's subconscious emotion,culture and spiritual identity.The common name“村”of rural grass-roots organizations has been used for thousands of years,but the spoken language of Minnan people in some areas still refers to“社”rather than“村”,which is the embodiment of this point.The“社”in Minnan dialect includes multiple connotations such as land belief,clan consciousness,territorial protection god and grass-roots organizations.These connotations are accumulated in different historical periods.Among these meanings,only“grass-roots organization”overlaps with the concept of“村”while the other meanings are not found in“村”.