不同树种下雅连土壤肥力综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Coptis deltoidea under Different Tree Species

为了探讨不同树种下雅连土壤肥力状况,进一步研究雅连仿生栽培和土壤改良技术,以四川眉山市洪雅县雅连主产区为研究区域,采集不同树种少花桂(Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees)、珙桐(Davidia involucrate Baill)、核桃树(Juglans)、猫儿屎(Decaisnea insignis)、枫杨(Pterocarya stenoptera)、漆树(Rhus verniciflua Stokes)和对照组(无树种雅连地)的雅连及其土壤作为研究对象,用典范对应分析(CCA)和因子分析对不同树种下雅连土壤肥力进行评价,探讨不同树种对其下雅连土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,对土壤肥力综合评价影响最大的土壤理化指标为pH、速效磷和速效钾;进一步利用单因子分析发现不同树种和对照土壤中钙、锰、锌等无机元素存在显著差异(P<0.05),且在少花桂和珙桐树下土壤中含量最高;土壤肥力综合得分排序结果显示,少花桂和珙桐树下分值最高,而漆树和枫杨下评价较低,该研究结果与雅连实地调研结果相一致,表明CCA和因子分析相结合评价不同树种土壤肥力科学合理,有助于指导雅连仿生栽培树种选择。土壤pH、速效磷、有效钾及钙、锰、锌可以作为雅连土壤肥力评价监视因子,栽培选林时应该优先选择少花桂和珙桐树。

In order to explore the soil fertility of Coptis deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao under different tree species,further study the bionic cultivation and soil improvement technology of C.deltoidea.By the investigation on soil fertility of C.deltoidea under different tree species in Hongya County,Meishan City,Sichuan Province which is main production area of C.deltoidea,this paper selected C.deltoidea and soil under six tree species,i.e.,Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees,Davidia involucrate Baill,Juglans,Decaisnea insignis,Pterocarya stenoptera,Rhus Verniciflua Stokes,and control group(without tree species)as the stdy object.The soil quality was quantitatively assessmed with canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)and factor analysis.Furthermore,the effects of different tree species on soil physical and chemical properties of C.deltoidea were discussed.The results showed that pHvalue,available phosphorus and available potassiumhave the greatest impact on physical and chemical indexes for comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility.Along with the further study of single factor analysis,we found that there were significant differences in the contents of Ca,Mn,Zn and other inorganic elements between different tree species and control soil(P<0.05),and the contents were the highest under two kinds of trees called Cinnamomum pauciflorum and Davidia involucrate Baill.According to the comprehensive assessment index,the results showed that there is the highest value of Cinnamomum pauciflorum and Davidia involucrate Baill,however,the comprehensive evaluation of Rhus Verniciflua Stokes and Pterocarya stenoptera is low;The results of this study are consistent with the field investigation results of C.deltoidea,indicating that the combination of CCAand Factor Analysis to evaluate the soil quality of different tree species is scientific and reasonable,which is helpful to guide the selection of bionic cultivation tree species of C.deltoidea.This paper found that soil pH,available P,availableKand Ga,Mn,Zn can be used as monitoring factors for soil fertility evaluation in C.deltoidea production area,and priority should be given to Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees and Davidia involucrate Baill when planting and selecting forests.