文冠果种质资源种仁主要营养成分检测及相关分析

Investigation and Correlation Analysis of Primary Nutritional Components in Seed Kernels of Xanthoceras Germplasm

通过分析不同种质资源的营养成分和脂肪酸组成之间的差异,为文冠果良种选育提供一定的理论基础。以46份文冠果种质资源为研究对象,测定成熟种子的出仁率、粗脂肪、蛋白质含量以及脂肪酸组成,并分析它们之间的相关性。结果表明,文冠果出仁率与粗脂肪含量呈显著正相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关,粗脂肪含量与蛋白质含量达极显著负相关。文冠果种仁脂肪酸组成成分主要有亚油酸、油酸、芥酸、花生烯酸、棕榈酸、神经酸、硬脂酸及亚麻酸。粗脂肪含量与芥酸、神经酸和亚油酸含量呈显著负相关,与油酸及花生烯酸含量达极显著正相关;另外,油酸、花生烯酸含量与亚油酸含量达极显著负相关,芥酸、神经酸含量与棕榈酸含量呈显著负相关,而油酸含量和神经酸含量达极显著负相关。聚类分析表明这些种质资源分为7类,其中GroupⅠ和GroupⅡ包含较多的优良性状,可用作资源品种改良的基础资源。另外,初步筛选了文冠果高脂肪种质资源ZY22、ZY13和ZY5,高蛋白种质资源ZY39和ZY42,高神经酸种质资源ZY17、ZY42和ZY39,以及神经酸、不饱和脂肪酸含量均较高的种质资源ZY39、ZY44、ZY25和ZY17。本研究可为选育高神经酸和高亚油酸的文冠果新品种提供基础资源理论支撑,可进一步拓宽改良这些品种的可能途径。

By analyzing the difference in nutrient composition and fatty acid composition of different germplasm materials,a certain theoretical basis of variety improvement ofXanthoceras sorbifolia was provided.The kernel yield,the crude fat and protein content,and the fatty acid composition were analyzed aCross 46 X sorbijolia germplasms using their mature seeds,and their correlation analysis was also performed.The results showed a significant positive correlation between kermnel yield and cnude fat content,a significant negative correlation between kernel yield and protein content,and a highly significant negative correlation between crude fat and protein content.The fatty acids in X sorbifolia seed kermnels are mainly inoleic acid,oleic acid,enucic acid,eicosenoic acid,palmitic acid,nervonic acid,stearic acid,and linolenic acid.The contents of crude fat were significantly negatively correlated with erucic acid,nervonic acid,and linoleic acid while highly significantly positively correlated with oleic acid and eicosenoic acid.Besides,the contents of oleic acid and eicosenoic acid were highly significantly negatively correlated with linoleic acid;the contents of enucic acid and nervonic acid were significantly negatively correlated with palmitic acid;while the Contents of oleic acid and nervonic acid were highly significantlty negatively correlated.The X.germplasms in this study were clustred into 7 clusters,in which Cluster I and Cluster I contained more excellent properties,and could be used as basic resources for the variety improvement.In addition,we preliminarily screened some fat-rich germplasm materials such as ZY22,ZY13,and ZY5,protein-rich germplasm materials such as ZY 39 and ZY42,nervonic acid-rich germplasm materials such as ZY17,ZY42 and ZY39,and both nervonic acid-rich and unsaturated fatty acid-ich germplasm materials such as ZY39,ZY44,ZY25 and ZY17 for X sorbijfolia.These results could provide some basic resources and theoretical support for breeding new X sorbijolia varieties with higher content of nerv onic acid and linoleic acid,and broaden the possible approaches for further improving these varieties.