基于动态模拟的尾矿库漫顶溃坝模型分析

Analysis of overtopping break model based on dynamic simulation for tailings dams

我国拥有为数众多的尾矿库,伴随而来的尾矿坝安全问题日益突出。针对尾矿库漫顶溃坝风险,构建了尾矿库漫顶溃坝的动态模型,运用流水动力学方程模拟了溃坝水流过程,利用土体稳定理论对溃口横向宽度变化和崩塌过程进行了描述,并用浅水方程对洪水演进过程进行模拟。通过数值模拟计算,结果表明所建立的模型能够很好的模拟出堤防溃口处的展宽、崩塌情况、刷深和溃口周围冲刷坑发育变化过程和水流规模等具体信息,为溃坝发生后堵口方案提供了技术支撑,同时也为预防和应对相应的次生灾害提供了分析工具。

During China has a large number of tailings ponds,so the safety problem of tailings dam associated with it becomes prominent.This paper discusses the problem of overtopping dam-break for tailings dam by dynamic simulation.Based on flow mechanics theories,we build up a composite mathematical model on the flow capacity and expending problems,and simulate the breaching and routing process of the floodwater.Through numerical simulation calculation,the application result shows the process of break’s expansion,collapse,scouring and evolvement of scouring puddle in dam-break and the water scale can be simulated preferably.The result can provide the basic technical support for the establishment of closure work after dam-break.At the same time,it also provides the analysis tool to prevent and answer the corresponding secondary disaster.