粮食主产区利益补偿机制创新研究——基于粮食安全问题的战略思考

Research on Innovation of Benefit Compensation Mechanism in Major Grain-producing Areas-Strategic Thinking Based on Food Security

党的二十大报告将全方位夯实粮食安全根基作为全面推进乡村振兴的重要任务和目标。当前我国粮食产量遭遇“天花板”制约,国际粮食市场的不稳定性倒逼国内必须提高粮食综合生产能力。然而,种粮成本上升和比较效益下降、纵向种粮补贴力度不足和横向产粮利益补偿缺位、主产区经济社会发展和粮食安全贡献失衡问题,导致种粮积极性下降。针对当前粮食安全蕴含的新风险,应当明确产销区粮食生产政治责任,完善粮食生产利益补偿体系,设立“粮食安全发展基金”,探索新型产销协作关系,在提高主产区粮食生产能力的基础上,实现种粮农户增收和主产区抓粮积极性提升的有机统一,有效确保国家粮食安全。

The report of the Party’s 20th National Congress takes comprehensively consolidating the foundation of food security as an important task and goal of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.At present,Chinese grain output encountered the“ceiling”restriction,the instability of the international grain market forced domestic must increase the overall capacity of grain production.However,rising grain costs and declining comparative benefits,lack of vertical grain subsidies and horizontal grain production benefits compensation,and unbalanced contributions to economic and social development and food security in major producing areas have led to a decline in the enthusiasm for grain farming.In view of the new risks in current grain security,we should clarify the political responsibility of grain production in production and marketing areas,improve the benefit compensation system for grain production,set up a“food security development fund”,and explore a new type of cooperation between production and marketing.On the basis of improving the grain production capacity of major producing areas,we should achieve an organic unity between increasing the income of grain farmers and increasing the enthusiasm of major producing areas for grain harvest,effectively ensuring national food security.