脉冲电场预处理在果蔬干燥中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Pretreatment of Pulsed Electric Field in Fruit and Vegetable Drying

脉冲电场(Pulsed Electric Field,PEF)作为新型的非热预处理技术,具有耗时短、能耗低、绿色环保等优良特性。本文综述了脉冲电场的作用机理及其作为预处理技术在果蔬干燥领域的应用,如热风干燥、冷冻干燥、微波干燥、渗透干燥、喷雾干燥和真空干燥。与未处理相比,PEF预处理可以提高脱水速率,降低生产成本,提高样品中营养成分的保留率,使干燥产品的品质更佳。但PEF存在参数与处理基质之间的特异性,预处理食品的安全性等问题,后续需加强PEF的参数匹配及安全性研究,为PEF预处理在果蔬干燥领域的深入研究提供新的思路和参考。

As a new non thermal pretreatment technology,pulsed electric field(PEF)has excellent characteristics such as short time consumption,low energy consumption and green environmental protection.In this paper,the mechanism of pulsed electric field and its application as pretreatment technology in the field of fruit and vegetable drying,such as hot air drying,freeze drying,microwave drying,osmotic drying,spray drying and vacuum drying,are reviewed.Compared with untreated,PEF pretreatment can improve the dehydration rate,reduce production costs,improve the retention rate of nutrients in the sample,and make the quality of dried products better.However,PEF has some problems,such as the specificity between the parameters and the processing matrix,and the safety of the pretreated food.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the parameter matching and safety research of PEF,so as to provide new ideas and references for the in-depth research of PEF pretreatment in the field of fruit and vegetable drying.