面向社区共生的嵌入式养老设施规划设计模式——以西安市民航社区为例

Built-in Senior Care Facility Planning and Design Mode for Harmonious Coexistence with Community:Minhang Community,Xi'an

在我国的养老服务设施体系中,社区嵌入式养老设施融合了社区居家养老服务设施和机构养老服务设施的特点,蕴藏着巨大的社会需求。而当下的嵌入式养老设施在空间配置及落地实施中普遍面临社区共生程度不高的问题,具体体现在与居住生活空间联系不紧密、空间保障不充分、数量和密度不足以及对老年人精神需求关注不够等方面。基于上述问题,文章从设施协同、空间共享和场景设计等3个方面提出社区共生策略,在此基础上提出“共生环境区+照料空间”的理想嵌入设计模式,探索了该理想模式的构成、关键位置改造、主要变形形式,并将该模式应用在西安市民航社区的嵌入式养老设施选址及空间细化设计中,验证其适应性和可操作性。

Senior service facilities built in communities integrates the characters of home care and social care services,and may deal with a large part of senior care service needs.Yet built-in senior care facilities face difficulties of harmonious coexistence with communities such as separation from life space,limited development space,low number and density,insufficient care for the spiritual needs of senior people.With respect to the above problems,the paper proposes coexistence strategies of senior care facilities with communities from three aspects:facility coordination,space sharing,and scenario design,and puts forwards an ideal built-in mode of"coexistent zone and caring service".It further studies the composition of the mode,renovation of key places,major variations,and applies the mode in the location choice and spatial design of built-in senior care facilities in Minhang community to verify its feasibility.