2020年河南省开封市生活饮用水水质监测结果

Analysis on monitoring results of drinking water quality in Kaifeng,Henan in 2020

目的了解河南省开封市生活饮用水水质状况,为加强饮用水卫生监督管理提供相应的依据和经验。方法2020年在开封市随机抽取监测点采集水样,枯水期和丰水期各监测1次,按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》进行检测,根据《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价。结果共采集536份水样,合格472份,合格率88.06%。城市与农村饮用水合格率分别为97.97%和84.28%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.109,P<0.05)。常规处理、沉淀过滤、不处理3种处理方式的农村饮用水合格率分别为89.35%、83.33%、67.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.979,P<0.05)。农村饮用水安全工程、非饮水安全工程合格率分别为85.41%、56.25%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.729,P<0.05)。农村饮用水氟化物不合格率较高,为12.11%。结论开封市城市饮用水合格率高于农村饮用水,氟化物指标是农村饮用水监测的关键指标,配置降氟设备、与附近水质合格供水厂并网或更换水源是提升水质合格率的重要措施。

Objective To understand the quality of drinking water in Kaifeng and provide appropriate basis and experience to strengthen the supervision and management of drinking water hygiene.Methods Water samples were collected from the monitoring sites selected at random in Kaifeng city in 2020,and monitored once in dry season and wet season respectively,which were tested according to the Standard Examination Method for Drinking Water.The results were evaluated according to the Standard for Drinking Water Quality.Results A total of 536 water samples were collected,and 472 of them were qualified,with a qualified rate of 88.06%.The qualified rate was 97.97%in urban areas and 84.28%in rural areas,with a significant difference between them(χ^(2)=19.109,P<0.05).The qualified rates of water samples in rural areas treated completely,treated by sedimentation filtration alone,and untreated were 89.35%,83.33%,and 67.24%,respectively,with a significant difference among different treatment method(χ^(2)=16.979,P<0.05).The qualified rates of water samples from the sites covered by the Rural Drinking Water Safety Project and the sites which were not covered by the Rural Drinking Water Safety Project were 85.41%and 56.25%,respectively,with a significant difference between them(χ^(2)=7.729,P<0.05).The unqualified rate of fluoride was high in rural drinking water,which was 12.11%.Conclusions The qualified rate of drinking water in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas in Kaifeng.Fluoride was the key indicators of drinking water monitoring.It is an important measure to install defluoridation equipment,connect with the nearby qualified water supply plant or change the water source for improving the qualified rate of water quality.