3D打印器官源脱细胞外基质血管支持补片重建腹壁的组织工程方法

Tissue engineering approach for abdominal wall reconstruction using 3D printed vascular supportive patches made of organ-derived decellularized extracellular matrix

以脱细胞真皮基质(acellular dermal matrix, ADM)和聚乳酸(polylactic acid, PLA)为材料制备3D打印血管支撑补片(又称支架),用于动物模型腹壁缺损的修复.优化了3D打印可植入补片的设计和实验工艺条件.对制备的3D打印补片的机械强度、表面形态、细胞毒性和生物相容性进行了测试,并与猪小肠黏膜下层(porcine small intestinal submucosa,PSIS)补片和PLA补片进行了比较.结果表明, 3D打印补片的缝合载荷、抗拉强度、亲水性和降解率均显著高于PSIS补片和PLA补片.同时,对3D打印补片的细胞相容性进行体外评价,结果表明细胞活力好且无毒.以大鼠作为动物模型,对3D打印补片的生物相容性和腹壁重建效果进行体内评价.结果表明,缺损区域修复良好,无明显感染、血清肿、血肿等情况发生.综上,证明了所制备的3D打印ADM-PLA-ADM补片比PSIS补片和PLA补片具有更好的组织再生性能, 3D打印补片可实现腹壁缺损的无张力闭合.因此, 3D打印ADM-PLA-ADM补片有望应用于腹壁重建.

This study aims to develop 3D printed vascular supportive patches(also called sca®olds)from acellular dermal matrix(ADM)and polylactic acid(PLA)suitable for the reconstruction of abdominal wall defects in an animal model.The design and experimental processing conditions required for 3D printing of implantable patches are optimized.The 3D printed patches were tested for their mechanical strength,surface morphology,cytotox-icity,and biocompatibility.The results were also compared with porcine small intestinal submucosa(PSIS)meshes and PLA meshes as controls.The results indicate that the suture load,tensile strength,hydrophobicity,and degradation rate of the 3D printed patches were signi¯cantly higher than that of PSIS and PLA meshes.In vitro evaluation of cell com-patibility with the 3D printed patches was carried out and indicated that the cells were viable and proliferative during the study period.In vivo evaluation of biocompatibility and abdominal wall reconstructive e±cacy of the 3D printed patches was carried out with rat as the model animal.The results indicate that the defect area was repaired well without any noticeable infection,seroma,hematoma,or other conditions.In conclusion,the present study demonstrated the excellent tissue regenerative performance of the 3D printed ADM-PLA-ADM patches,compared with the PSIS meshes and PLA-only meshes,providing a proof of concept for tension-free closure of the abdominal wall defects using 3D printed patches.Therefore,3D printed ADM-PLA-ADM patches may be considered for abdomi-nal wall reconstructive applications.